Teleportation of the one-qubit state in decoherence environments

We study standard quantum teleportation of one-qubit state for the situation in which the channel is subject to decoherence, and where the evolution of the channel state is ruled by a master equation in the Lindblad form. A detailed calculation reveals that the quality of teleportation is determined by both the entanglement and the purity of the channel state, and only the optimal matching of them ensures the highest fidelity of standard quantum teleportation. Also our results demonstrated that the decoherence induces distortion of the Bloch sphere for the output state with different rates in different directions, which implies that different input states will be teleported with different fidelities.Comment: 17 pages, 10 figure

Risk Management Capability Maturity and Performance of Complex Product and System (CoPS) Projects with an Asian Perspective

Complex Products and Systems (CoPS) are high value, technology and engineering-intensive capital goods. The motivation of this study is the persistent high failure rate of CoPS projects, Asian CoPS provider’s weak capability and lack of specific research on CoPS risk management. This paper evaluates risk management maturity level of CoPS projects against a general CoPS risk management capability maturity model (RM-CMM) developed by the authors. An Asian based survey was conducted to investigate the value of RM to project performance, and Asian (non-Japanese) CoPS implementers’ perceived application of RM practices, their strengths and weaknesses. The survey result shows that higher RM maturity level leads to higher CoPS project performance. It also shows project complexity and uncertainty moderates the relationship between some RM practices and project performance, which implies that a contingency approach should be adopted to manage CoPS risks effectively. In addition, it shows that Asian CoPS implementers are weak in RM process and there are also rooms for improvement in the softer aspects of organizational capabilities and robustness

Harnessing Electric Fields for Microfluidics – From Lightning Sparks to Tiny Tornadoes

The dominance of surface tension and viscous effects over body forces such as inertia, gravity or centrifugal force makes fluid actuation and particle manipulation at microscale dimensions extremely difficult. We demonstrate the possibility of exploiting electric fields to drive unstable turbulent-like flows for micromixing and complex flows for efficient particle separation and concentration. In particular, the ions resulting from the breakdown of air surrounding a theoretically singular sharp electrode tip due to corona discharge is employed to accelerate the air towards the surface of a liquid in a cylindrical microchamber. Through interfacial shear, the surface liquid layer is recirculated to produce a Batchelor-type flow within the chamber that spirals suspended colloidal particles to a stagnation point at the bottom no-slip plane. We show the use of this technology for rapid and efficient separation of red blood cells from plasma for the development of miniaturised point-of-care diagnostics. Such liquid flows also become unstable at high applied voltages and frequencies leading to the generation of vortices that span a cascade of length scales, which can be exploited for micromixing

Relations between entanglement, Bell-inequality violation and teleportation fidelity for the two-qubit X states

Based on the assumption that the receiver Bob can apply any unitary transformation, Horodecki {\it et al.} [Phys. Lett. A {\bf 222}, 21 (1996)] proved that any mixed two spin-1/2 state which violates the Bell-CHSH inequality is useful for teleportation. Here, we further show that any X state which violates the Bell-CHSH inequality can also be used for nonclassical teleportation even if Bob can only perform the identity or the Pauli rotation operations. Moreover, we showed that the maximal difference between the two average fidelities achievable via Bob's arbitrary transformations and via the sole identity or the Pauli rotation is 1/9.Comment: 5 pages, to be published in "Quantum Information Processing

Global spatial optimization with hydrological systems simulation: appliication to land-use allocation and peak runoff minimization

A general methodology is presented to integrate complex simulation models of hydrological systems into optimization models, as an alternative to scenario-based approaches. A gradient-based hill climbing algorithm is proposed to reach locally optimal solutions from distinct starting points. The gradient of the objective function is estimated numerically with the simulation model. A statistical procedure based on the Weibull distribution is used to build a confidence interval for the global optimum. The methodology is illustrated by an application to a small watershed in Ohio, where the decision variables are related to land-use allocations and the objective is to minimize peak runoff. The results suggest that this specific runoff function is convex in terms of the land-use variables, and that the global optimum has been reached. Modeling extensions and areas for further research are discussed

Driving Cell Seeding Using Surface Acoustic Wave Fluid Actuation

In this paper, we investigate the ability to drive fluid streaming via a surface acoustic wave (SAW) into a porous bioscaffold structure, and to exploit this effect to deliver fluorescent particles/yeast cells into the scaffold as a potential rapid and efficient method for cell seeding in tissue engineering. The results demonstrate that the seeding process takes approximately 10 seconds, much shorter than that if the cell suspension were to perfuse through the scaffold under the effects of gravity alone (approximately 30 mins). By increasing the input power, both the velocity of the fluid flow and the particle seeding efficiency can be enhanced. At 560 mW, fluid velocities of the order 10 mm/s were achieved; in this case, the particle/yeast seeding efficiency is around 92%. In addition to rapid seeding, the SAW streaming induced perfusion is observed to significantly improve the uniformity of the scaffold cell distribution due to greater penetration into the scaffold. Finally, we verify using a methylene violet staining procedure that 80% of the yeast cells seeded by the SAW method within the scaffold remained viable

Extensional viscosity of copper nanowire suspensions in an aqueous polymer solution

Suspensions of copper nanowires are emerging as new electronic inks for next-generation flexible electronics. Using a novel surface acoustic wave driven extensional flow technique we are able to perform currently lacking analysis of these suspensions and their complex buffer. We observe extensional viscosities from 3 mPa$\cdot$s (1 mPa$\cdot$s shear viscosity) to 37.2 Pa$\cdot$s via changes in the suspension concentration, thus capturing low viscosities that have been historically very challenging to measure. These changes equate to an increase in the relative extensional viscosity of nearly 12,200 times at a volume fraction of just 0.027. We also find that interactions between the wires and the necessary polymer additive affect the rheology strongly. Polymer-induced elasticity shows a reduction as the buffer relaxation time falls from 819 to 59 $\mu$s above a critical particle concentration. The results and technique presented here should aid in the future formulation of these promising nanowire suspensions and their efficient application as inks and coatings.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, under review for Soft Matter RS

Pathologies virales et bacteriennes chez le poulet traditionnel dans le Departement de Korhogo (Cote d’Ivoire)

Une étude anatomo-pathologique a été menée dans le département de Korhogo dans l’objectif de déterminer les prévalences de pathologies virales et bactériennes chez les poulets traditionnels. En effet, du début mars à fin juin 2019, 148 poulets traditionnels malades provenant des quatre Sous-préfectures du département : Korhogo (58), Lataha (36), Karakoro (32) et Tioroniaradougou (22), ont été examinés puis autopsiés au Laboratoire Régional de Korhogo. L’analyse des lésions des organes a permis d’identifier des pathologies. Les résultats ont montré que 37,84 % des poulets étaient malades. Par ailleurs, des poulets de toutes les localités étaient infectés par les pathologies diagnostiquées : Gumboro (4,05 %), Tuberculose (4,05 %), Maladie de Newcastle (4,05 %), Variole (2,7 %) et le Syndrome infectieux de grosse tête (0,68 %). Les pathologies ont été rencontrées en saisons sèche et pluvieuse. Les poulets de moins de 3 mois d’âge étaient les plus infectés (61,04 %). Par ailleurs, des cas de coinfections (bi-infections et tri-infections) ont été observés chez ces poulets. Le Gumboro et la Tuberculose étaient présents dans toutes les localités. La détection de ces pathologies chez le poulet traditionnel contribuera à l’amélioration de la prophylaxie, tant sanitaire que médicale. Mots clés : Pathologies, Prévalence, Poulets traditionnels, Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire.   English Title: Viral and bacterial pathologies in traditional chicken in the Department of Korhogo (Cote d’Ivoire) An anatomo-pathological study was carried out in the department of Korhogo with the aim of determining the prevalence of viral and bacterial pathologies in traditional chickens. Indeed, from the beginning of March to the end of June 2019, 148 traditional sick chickens from the four sub-prefectures of the department: Korhogo (58), Lataha (36), Karakoro (32) and Tioroniaradougou (22), were examined and then autopsied at Korhogo Regional Laboratory. Analysis of organ lesions identified pathologies. The results showed that 37.84% of the chickens were sick. In addition, chickens from all localities were infected with the diagnosed disease: Gumboro (4.05%),  Tuberculosis (4.05%), Newcastle disease (4.05%), Smallpox (2.7%) and Infectious Fat Head Syndrome (0.68%). Pathologies were encountered in dry and rainy seasons. Chickens under 3 months of age were the most infected (61.04%). Moreover, cases of co-infections (bi-infections and tri-infections) were observed in these chickens. Gumboro and Tuberculosis were present in all localities. The detection of these diseases in the traditional chicken improvement of prophylaxis, as a medical health. Keywords: Pathology, Prevalence, Traditional chicken, Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoir